Melamine borate

Catalog NumberACM53587443-1

CAS Number53587-44-3

CategoryBoron Flame Retardant

Synonyms	orthoboric acid, compound with 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine; Boric acid (H3BO3), compd. with 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine; 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine/boric acid,(1:x);orthoboric acid, compound with 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;EINECS 258-651-3; EINECS 259-277-3; Boric acid, compd. with 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine; Orthoboric acid, compound with 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;;Melamine borate;
Molecular Formula	C3H6N6.xBH3O3
Canonical SMILES	OCCCOCCCO.OC(=O)c1cccc(c1)C(=O)O.O=C2OC(=O)C=C2
InChI	YLHUFYMLGGTHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI Key	1S/C8H6O4.C6H14O3.C4H2O3/c9-7(10)5-2-1-3-6(4-5)8(11)12;7-3-1-5-9-6-2-4-8;5-3-1-2-4(6)7-3/h1-4H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12);7-8H,1-6H2;1-2H
Application	Flame Retardant
Notes	Melamine borate uses and applications include: Flame retardant for polymers, textiles, cellulose materials, especially insulation felts; blowing agent for intumescents; afterglow suppressant in cellulosics

Case Study

Melamine Borate-Enhanced Epoxy Composites for Multifunctional Performance

Wang, Zhengdong, et al. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 169 (2023): 107495.

Task: How to fabricate epoxy composite materials with both improved thermal conductivity, enhanced flame retardancy, and electrical insulation.
Solution: Utilized melamine borate (MB) to functionalize boron nitride nanosheets (creating MB-BNNS) via eco-friendly ball-milling. Incorporated 5 vol% MB-BNNS into epoxy through wet processing.
Key Results:
· Thermal Management: 108% increase in thermal conductivity vs pure epoxy; Achieved 0.635 W·m-1·K-1 through-plane conductivity.
· Fire Safety: 36.4% reduction in peak heat release rate; 32.1% decrease in total heat release; Significantly suppressed toxic/combustible gas emissions.
· Electrical Integrity: Maintained high breakdown strength (137.7 kV/mm); Only slight reduction in dielectric performance.
· Mechanism: MB enabled covalent bonding between BNNS and epoxy matrix via amine-epoxy reactions, creating robust interfacial heat transfer paths and effective char-forming barrier during combustion.
Conclusion: Melamine borate could play an important role in preparing advanced epoxy composites which can realize the mutual balancing among the three requirements of high thermal conductivity (108% increase), UL94 V-0 level flame retardancy (36.4% decrease in PHRR) and electrical insulation (137.7 kV/mm).

Melamine Borate Enhances Fire Safety & Smoke Suppression in EVA Composites

Hoffendahl, Carmen, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability 115 (2015): 77-88.

Challenge: Improve flame retardancy and reduce smoke emission in elastomeric ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) (60% VA) while maintaining material integrity, outperforming conventional alternatives.
Solution: Combinations of melamine borate (MB) and aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) formed a synergistic flame retardant system for EVA.
Key Results:
· Enhanced Fire Performance: Achieved superior LOI/UL-94 ratings vs. virgin EVA; Longer ignition times compared to melamine (MEL) or melamine phosphate (MP) formulations.
· Critical Smoke Reduction: Significantly decreased toxic smoke emission during combustion.
· Unique Protective Mechanism: MB formed boron oxide/BNO protective surface layers; Reduced thermal conductivity at ignition temperatures (200-400°C).
· Dual-Phase Protection: Gas-phase flame inhibition and condensed-phase char reinforcement.
Conclusion: Melamine borate demonstrates exceptional value in EVA fire safety systems. The combination of MB and ATH generates self-formed ceramic-like surface barriers to provide both thermal insulation for delaying ignition and significantly reduce smoke. The combination of MB and ATH outperforms the combination of MEL or MP.

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