Melamine Pyrophosphate, Pyro

Catalog NumberACMA00023485

CategoryNitrogen Flame Retardant

Solubility	< 0.06 g/100ml H₂O
Appearance	White powder
Application	Useful in fabrics, nylons, paint, paper and plastics as flame retardant. Compatible with melamine-urea formaldehyde systems. Shown uses in the electronic industry when incorporated in the manufacturing of circuit boards and other equipment.
Conductivity	< 500 µs/cm
Content	N content: min. 38.3% P content: min. 14.1%
Feature	Can be partially used instead of ammonium polyphosphate (as a spumescent and a catalyst) in some intumescent applications. Can be used with epoxy and other adhesive compositions to achieve fire retardant barriers in gluelines in wood and plastic laminates. Useable with di-pentaerythritol as well as polyolefins. Useable in SMC process (unsaturated polyester resins).
Moisture Content	< 0.2%
Packaging	25 kg
pH	3.8 ± 4 (1% aqueous)

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Case Study

Synergistic Flame Retardancy of Melamine Pyrophosphate and Triazine Polymers

Lai, Xuejun, et al. Polymer composites, 2012, 33(1), 35-43.

In this work, a triazine-based macromolecule (TBM) carbonizing agent was synthesized. The synergistic flame retardant effect of the TBM and melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) in flame retardant polypropylene (PP) was further studied. The results show that when the MPP content is 16.7 wt% and the TBM content is 8.3 wt%, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the PP/MPP/TBM composite material can reach 31.0%, and the vertical burning test reaches the UL-94 V-0 level.
Preparation of PP/MPP/TBM composites
· To synthesize the triazine-based macromolecule (TBM), 1.0 mol of cyanuric chloride was mixed with 400 mL of distilled water in a 1,000-mL round-bottom flask and stirred at 0-38°C until homogeneous. A separate mixture of 1.0 mol ethanolamine and 1.0 mol NaOH in 150 mL water was prepared and added dropwise to the cyanuric chloride solution while maintaining the pH between 5 and 8; this mixture was stirred for 4 hours. The temperature was then increased to 45-50°C, and another dropwise addition of a solution containing 0.5 mol diethylenetriamine and 1.0 mol NaOH was performed. This reaction lasted 6 hours, followed by a second dropwise addition of the same solution and refluxing for an additional 6 hours. Finally, the product was washed, dried at 100°C under vacuum.
· PP, MPP, and TBM were dried in a vacuum oven at 100°C for 6 h before use. Then PP, MPP, and TBM were melt-mixed on a two-roll mill at 170°C for 15 min. The prepared composites were hotpressed into sheets of suitable thickness and size for the corresponding tests.

Synergistic Flame Retardancy of Melamine Pyrophosphate and Aluminum Hypophosphite

Zhao, Panpan, et al. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 170, 193-199.

Using melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) and aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) as flame retardants, the synergistic effect of their combination on the flame retardancy of polypropylene (PP)/wood flour (WF) composites was investigated. The results show that the thermal stability and char-forming ability of PP/WF composites with the addition of 20 wt% MPP/AHP (3:1) are significantly improved, while the heat release rate (HRR) and smoke release rate (SPR) are reduced.
· Preparation of flame-retardant PP/WF composites: The WF were dried at 105°C for 5 to 8 hours in an electric drying oven. PP, AHP, and MPP were dried at 60°C for 4 to 6 hours. Subsequently, the dried materials were uniformly blended using a high-speed grinder. The samples were created through melt blending in a torque rheometer at 180°C for 8 minutes, followed by pressing in a curing machine at 180°C for 20 seconds. The sheets were then formed using high-pressure cooling for testing purposes. To investigate the influence of flame retardants on the PP/WF composites, the ratio of PP to WF was set at 2:3.
· Flame retardant mechanism: MPP decomposes to release inert gases that contribute to gas-phase flame retardancy. Meanwhile, AHP generates additional phosphate and phosphoric acid, fostering the formation of char, thereby serving as a condensed phase flame retardant.

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