1-aminoethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate

Catalog NumberACFR000001

CategoryMain Flame-Retardant ILs

Synonyms

[APMIm]PF6

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Case Study

1-Aminoethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate as an Efficient Flame Retardant Additive for Thermoplastic Polyurethane

Jiao, Chuanmei, et al. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 145.1 (2021): 173-184.

1-Aminoethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([APMIm]PF6) serves as an environmentally friendly flame retardant for thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Its amino group promotes early char formation, while the hexafluorophosphate anion provides phosphorus and fluorine for enhanced fire safety.
Fabrication Process: TPU composites containing 0.25-1.0 wt% [APMIm]PF6 were prepared on a two-roll mill at 175-180 °C for 15 min, then hot-pressed at 180 °C into 3 mm sheets. For comparison, 1.0 wt% [EMIM]PF6/TPU was also prepared.
Performance Evaluation: Cone calorimetry showed that TPU with 1.0 wt% [APMIm]PF6 reduced peak heat release rate (pHRR) by 32.97% compared to neat TPU and by 19.15% compared to TPU/[EMIM]PF6. Total heat release and smoke production rate were also minimized. CO emission decreased by 25.8%. TG analysis revealed earlier decomposition (T5% dropped to 189.5 °C), leading to a compact, intumescent char layer (SEM confirmed). The amino group accelerated cross-linking with TPU degradation products, forming a protective barrier that improved fire safety index (FPI).
Application Significance: [APMIm]PF6 is a highly efficient, halogen-free flame retardant for TPU, suitable for applications requiring low heat release and smoke suppression.

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