Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine)

Catalog NumberACM108171262

CAS Number108171-26-2

CategoryChlorinated Flame Retardant

Synonyms	Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine);Alkanes, C10-12, chloro; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (C12, 60 chlorine)
Molecular Formula	C12H19Cl7
Application	Flame Retardant, Additive, Paint Additive, Lubricant
Notes	Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine) uses and applications include: Flame retardant for fire-retardant and waterproof canvas material; EP lubricant in metalworking, lubricating oils, rubber, caulks, sealants, and detergents; second plasticizer in vinyl industry, paints, plastics, adhesives, mastics; traffic paint additive; plasticizer for PVC in polyethylene sealants Suggested storage of Chlorinated paraffins (C12, 60% chlorine): Protect from exposure to light; store in a freezer

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Case Study

Development of Expanded Graphite/Paraffin/HDPE/Chlorinated Paraffin/Antimony Trioxide Flame Retardant System

Zhang, Ping, et al. Energy Conversion and Management, 2010, 51(12), 2733-2737.

Chlorinated paraffin (CP) is usually used in combination with antimony trioxide (AT) compounds to improve its flame retardant efficiency. In order to improve the flame retardant efficiency of CP and reduce the mass fraction of CP in plastics, this work developed expanded graphite/paraffin/HDPE/Chlorinated Paraffin/Antimony Trioxide (EG/paraffin/HDPE/CP/AT) flame retardant phase change material (PCM), and discussed the effect of EG on the thermal properties of the composite material.
Preparation and characterization of shape-stable PCM
· The sample compositions are detailed in Table 1, with a mass ratio of CP to AT set at 5:2. First, HDPE and flame retardants were dried at 60°C for 24 hours. Next, the materials were blended in a high-speed mixer and extruded using a twin-screw extruder, which operated at temperatures between 90°C and 160°C and a screw speed of 250 rpm. After drying, the flame retardant shape-stabilized PCM was produced.
· The inclusion of EG enhanced the thermal stability of the paraffin/HDPE/CP/AT system, resulting in increased char residue at high temperatures compared to samples without EG. Additionally, EG accelerated and increased CO2 release while reducing the emission of combustible gases in the system. MCC results showed that a higher mass fraction of EG in the PCM corresponded to lower HRC and total heat release values. The CONE test revealed that adding EG significantly reduced the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and extended combustion time, with the optimal synergistic effect occurring at 5 wt.% EG.

Toxic Effects and Toxicological Mechanisms of Chlorinated Paraffins

Chen, Shuangshuang, et al. Environment international, 2023, 178, 108020.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are a class of chlorinated alkane mixtures widely used in metalworking lubricants, plasticizers, flame retardants, coating additives and leather fat sealants. However, many studies have reported the biological toxicity of CPs, including lethality, carcinogenicity, developmental toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption and immunosuppression.
Toxicity mechanisms of CPs: The main toxicity mechanisms of CPs include activation of multiple receptors, oxidative stress, energy metabolism disorders and inhibition of gap junction-mediated communication. The sensitivity of different species to CP-mediated toxicity varies greatly, and aquatic organisms show the highest sensitivity to CP-induced toxicity.
The toxicity of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCP, C10-13), medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCP, C14-17) and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (LCCP, C18-30) were compared. Since the toxicity of MCCP is similar to that of SCCP, its safety as a safer alternative remains controversial. Epidemiological studies have also shown that both MCCP and SCCP are potentially toxic to the human liver and kidneys. Toxicokinetic studies have shown that the excretion rate of LCCP is much higher than that of SCCP, indicating a lower health risk to humans in terms of exposure burden.

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