Diphenyl octyl phosphate

Catalog NumberACM1241947-6

CAS Number1241-94-7

CategoryPhosphate Ester Flame Retardant

Synonyms	Octicizer; Sancticizer 141; Phosphoric acid, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl ester; Diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphate; Santicizer 141; 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl-, ester with diphenyl phosphate; 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate; Phosphoric acid diphenyl 2-ethylhexyl ester; (2-Ethylhexyl)-difenylfosfat; 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl ester of phosphoric acid; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol ester with diphenyl phosphate; 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl ester phosphoric acid; Disflamoll DPO; Phosflex 362;Diphenyl octyl phosphate;Diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate; DPOF; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol ester with diphenyl phosphate; 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl ester phosphoric acid; 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate Octyl diphenyl phosphate
Molecular Weight	362.4
Molecular Formula	C20H27O4P
InChI	1S/C20H27O4P/c1-3-5-12-18(4-2)17-22-25(21,23-19-13-8-6-9-14-19)24-20-15-10-7-11-16-20/h6-11,13-16,18H,3-5,12,17H2,1-2H3
InChI Key	CGSLYBDCEGBZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Application	Flame Retardant
Notes	Diphenyl octyl phosphate uses and applications include: Flame retardant, plasticizer for PVC, cellulose nitrate, CAB, ethyl cellulose, polymethyl methacrylate, PS, buna N rubber, in vinyl film and sheeting, textile coatings, plastisols, organosols, adhesives, packaging materials; plasticizer in food-contact coatings, dip, rotationally, extruded and injection molded parts, mech. foam; in food packaging adhesives; in resinouspolymeric food-contact coatings

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Case Study

Diphenyl Octyl Phosphate as a Multifunctional Electrolyte Additive for High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries

Ivanov, Svetlozar, et al. Electrochemical Society Meeting Abstracts imlb2016. No. 2. The Electrochemical Society, Inc., 2016.

This study investigated Diphenyl Octyl Phosphate (DPOF) as a dual-functional electrolyte additive designed to enhance both the interfacial stability and safety of lithium-ion batteries.
Methodology & Performance: Electrochemical testing was conducted in a standard carbonate-based electrolyte (1M LiPF6 in EC/DMC/DEC) with 2% additions of either DPOF or VC. Cells with DPOF demonstrated superior performance in capacity and rate capability. A key finding from Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) on symmetric cells showed that DPOF-formed SEI exhibited significantly lower resistance (R1) and capacitance (C1) compared to both VC and additive-free control cells, indicating a more efficient, less resistive interfacial layer.
Mechanistic Insight: The SEI formed with DPOF was notably thinner, as evidenced by a stronger signal from the underlying graphite substrate. Furthermore, the presence of oxidized phosphorus compounds (P2p peak at 136.8 eV) within the DPOF-derived SEI is identified as a key differentiating factor. This unique composition correlates with the formation of a compact, low-resistance SEI that facilitates lithium-ion transport while effectively passivating the electrode.
Conclusion: DPOF acts as a highly effective multifunctional additive. Beyond its reported flame-retardant properties, it actively engineers a superior SEI on graphite anodes. The formation of a thinner, more conductive interphase containing phosphorus-based compounds leads to enhanced electrochemical kinetics and cell performance, presenting a compelling advantage over conventional additives like VC.

Optimizing Lithium-Ion Battery Performance and Safety with Diphenyl Octyl Phosphate

Shim, Eun-Gi, et al. Electrochimica Acta 54.8 (2009): 2276-2283.

This study systematically evaluated Diphenyl Octyl Phosphate (DPOF) as a multifunctional flame-retarding electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries, focusing on identifying its optimal concentration to balance safety enhancement with electrochemical performance.
Experimental Method: DPOF was added at varying concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30 wt%) to a base electrolyte of 1.15 M LiPF6 in EC:EMC (4:6 by vol%). The electrochemical performance of each formulation was tested in coin cells featuring a standard LiCoO2 cathode and a mesocarbon microbead (MCMB) anode.
Key Findings and Optimal Formulation: A clear optimal concentration was identified. The electrolyte containing 10 wt% DPOF provided the best overall improvement in cell performance. At this concentration, the additive effectively reduced the irreversible capacity loss during the initial cycle and lowered the charge-transfer resistance after prolonged cycling (40 cycles), contributing to superior cyclic and rate performance at lower power rates.
Performance Trade-offs and Function: While all DPOF-containing electrolytes showed high oxidation stability (up to ~4.75-5.5 V vs. Li/Li+), higher concentrations (e.g., 30 wt%) adversely affected rate capability and cycling. The 10 wt% formulation successfully leveraged DPOF's dual roles: it functioned as a flame retardant, improving the electrolyte's thermal decomposition temperature, and as a plasticizer, aiding in the formation of a protective solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the electrode surface.

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