Piperazine Pyrophosphate (modified)

Catalog NumberACMA00023473

CategoryOther Phosphorus Flame Retardants

Description	It is an environment-friendly, halogen-free, nitrogen-phosphorus, high-efficiency flame retardant, with excellent properties. It is a white, odorless, tasteless powder. It is a complete flame retardant system, so there is no need to add other flame retardants in your formulations. And the suggested loading level to achieve a V0 rating is between 20% and 30%.
Appearance	White powder
Application	It is used as a flame retardant additive, in polyethylene and polypropylene resin, EDPM, and TPE elastomer materials.
Storage	Store in a cool and dry area, at room temperature. Keep away from moisture and sunlight.
Content	N Content min. 19.0% P Content min. 17.0%
Flammability UL 94	V-0 UL94 (1.6mm)
Flexural Modulus	1806~1920 Mpa (in PP)
Moisture Content	max. 0.2%
Notes	Base material: Polypropylene (PP)` Suggested dosage: 19.0 – 22.0 %
Packaging	25 kg, 20 kg
Tensile Strength	21.6~22.1 Mpa (in PP)
Whiteness	min. 92 (F457)

Download COA Download MSDS

Case Study

A Synergistic Flame-Retardant System for High-Performance Epoxy Resin Using Piperazine Pyrophosphate and Epoxy-Octavinyl Silsesquioxane

Li, Shansu, et al. Composites Part B: Engineering 223 (2021): 109115.

This study addressed the common compromise between flame retardancy and mechanical properties in epoxy resins (EP). It introduced a synergistic system combining the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant piperazine pyrophosphate (PAPP) with the silicon-based epoxy-octavinyl silsesquioxane (EOVS) to simultaneously enhance fire safety and mechanical strength.
Formulation and Method: A composite (designated EP3) was prepared by incorporating 9 wt% PAPP and 1 wt% EOVS into the epoxy matrix. Its performance was evaluated against pure EP using standard flammability tests (UL-94, Limiting Oxygen Index, Cone Calorimetry) and mechanical testing.
Key Performance:
· The PAPP/EOVS system delivered exceptional fire safety and property improvements. The EP3 composite achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating and a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of 32.4%. Cone calorimetry showed dramatic reductions: an 81% decrease in peak heat release rate (PHRR), a 25% reduction in total heat release (THR), a 57% lower total smoke production (TSP), and a 63% reduction in peak smoke production rate (PSPR).
· Contrary to typical flame-retardant additions, the composite showed increased tensile and impact strength, benefiting from the reinforcing epoxy groups and Si-O bonds in EOVS.
Mechanism: The outstanding performance stems from synergistic, multi-phase flame inhibition. In the condensed phase, PAPP and EOVS promote the formation of a stable, high-quality protective char. In the gas phase, PAPP decomposition releases non-combustible gases that dilute fuel and phosphorous compounds that quench flames.

A Superior Waterborne Intumescent Coating for Structural Steel Using Piperazine Pyrophosphate and Melamine Polyphosphate

Li, Lianliang, et al. Polymers 14.18 (2022): 3722.

This study presented the development of a novel waterborne intumescent coating (IC) for structural steel, formulated with piperazine pyrophosphate (PAPP) and melamine polyphosphate (MPP) to replace traditional ammonium polyphosphate (APP)-based systems.
Formulation and Preparation: A silicone acrylic emulsion served as the binder. The synergistic flame-retardant system consisted of PAPP and MPP at a combined loading of 30 wt% (20 wt% PAPP, 10 wt% MPP), with titanium dioxide (5 wt%) as a filler. The coating was applied to steel plates to achieve a dry film thickness of 2.0 mm for performance evaluation.
Key Performance:
· Fire Resistance: In a 2-hour torch test, the backside equilibrium temperature of the protected steel was only 170°C, significantly lower than the 326°C recorded for a traditional APP/pentaerythritol/melamine (APP/PER/MEL) coating.
· Water Resistance: After 72 hours of water immersion, the PAPP/MPP coating retained its fire-protective capability, whereas the traditional coating failed. This is attributed to the more hydrophobic nature of the PAPP/MPP components.
· Thermal Stability: Thermogravimetric analysis showed the PAPP/MPP coating had a higher initial decomposition temperature (296°C) and left a 33.8 wt% residue, indicating superior thermal stability and char-forming ability.
Mechanism: The outstanding performance stems from a strong synergistic effect. During combustion, PAPP and MPP react to form a dense, coherent, and mechanically strong intumescent char layer. This robust barrier provides excellent thermal insulation, protecting the underlying steel.

A Synergistic Composite Containing Piperazine Pyrophosphate for Superior Polypropylene Dust Explosion Suppression

Li, Yadi, et al. Chemical Engineering Journal 499 (2024): 155870.

This study addressed the critical industrial hazard of dust explosions by developing a novel composite suppressant. It combines piperazine pyrophosphate (PAPP) with a nickel-based metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) to create a highly effective material (PAPP@Ni-MOF) for inhibiting polypropylene (PP) dust explosions.
Material Development and Method: The PAPP@Ni-MOF composite was synthesized using a solvothermal method, functionally integrating the PAPP into the Ni-MOF structure. Its suppression efficacy was evaluated macroscopically using standardized explosion flame propagation and pressure test apparatuses to measure flame speed, propagation distance, and overpressure.
Key Performance: The composite demonstrated exceptional performance. At a 50 wt% concentration, the addition of PAPP@Ni-MOF completely inhibited both the propagation of the PP explosion flame and the rise in explosion pressure. Quantitatively, it achieved a 78.07% reduction in maximum flame propagation distance, an 84.54% decrease in overall flame speed, and a 76.87% reduction in maximum explosion pressure compared to the uncontrolled scenario.
Mechanism: The outstanding performance is attributed to a multifaceted, synergistic mechanism. The N/P elements from PAPP and the Ni-MOF work together to catalyze the carbonization of PP fuel. Simultaneously, the structure provides thermal isolation, recombines key free radicals in the gas phase to halt chain reactions, and adsorbs volatile combustible gases. This combination of condensed-phase and gas-phase actions makes PAPP@Ni-MOF a highly efficient and promising material for enhancing industrial safety against dust explosions.

If the product of interest is not available in our catalog, please contact us to see if there is any relevant stock or other purchase channels.