Tetrabutylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate

Catalog NumberACFR1813601

CAS Number1813-60-1

CategoryPhosphonium

Synonyms	Borate(1-), tetrafluoro-, tetrabutylphosphonium (ZCI)
Molecular Weight	346.24
Molecular Formula	C16H36BF4P
SMILES	[F-][B+3]([F-])([F-])[F-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC
InChI	InChI=1S/C16H36P.BF4/c1-5-9-13-17(14-10-6-2,15-11-7-3)16-12-8-4;2-1(3,4)5/h5-16H2,1-4H3;/q+1;-1
InChI Key	BYCHYJSDSHOWIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Purity	99%

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Case Study

Tetrabutylphosphonium Tetrafluoroborate as a Synergistic Flame Retardant and Toughening Agent for PLA

Jia, Yun-Wan, et al. Composites Part B: Engineering 197 (2020): 108192.

Tetrabutylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate ([TBP][BF4]) acts as a highly effective synergist with ammonium polyphosphate (APP), endowing poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with excellent flame retardancy while dramatically improving its toughness and transparency.
Fabrication Process: [TBP][BF4] was synthesized by anion exchange between [TBP]Br and NaBF4 in water at 30 °C for 24 h. PLA composites containing 1.5 wt% [TBP][BF4] and 1.5 wt% APP were melt-blended at 190 °C, then injection-molded.
Performance Evaluation: The PLA/[TBP][BF4]/APP composite achieved a LOI of 27.2 and UL-94 V-0 rating with only 3 wt% total additive. Cone calorimetry showed peak heat release rate decreased from 366 to 290 kW/m². The elongation at break dramatically increased from 8.5% (neat PLA) to 204.6%, and notched impact strength doubled, due to plasticization and enhanced segment mobility by the ionic liquid. Transparency remained above 50% at 800 nm. The synergistic mechanism operates mainly in the gas phase: [TBP][BF4] promotes early decomposition and releases phosphorus-containing radicals, while APP contributes to charring.
Application Significance: [TBP][BF4] enables low-loading, high-performance flame-retardant PLA with retained toughness and transparency, suitable for packaging, automotive and electronic applications.

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